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27. No one can possibly achieve success in the world by conforming to the conventional practices and ways of thinking

Mankind has stood the test of time and traveled through all odds to become master of the entire planet. From stone age man to the jet age he had to change according to his environment and fight to better himself. In this struggle there some people who stand out as an exemplary people, they are the one who have dared to think beyond which others haven’t thought of.

Shiva khera, an international motivator has said "winners don't do different things, they do things differently". The above said stands true with the example of

Copernicus, Mahatma Gandhi, Martin Luther to name a few. They dared to

challenge the existing thought an express their view point and stand by their belief.

As it takes a deluge of fresh water to drive away the stench of malodorous water, we need such non conformist to manumit the humankind from the shackles of ignorance. One who dare to do so have to be of strong and cogent thought and not vary from their belief irresolutely. It takes a mental strength to stand against the world and put forward an idea that has never been heard, seen or thought earlier.

Not every person dares to do something that is against the accepted norms of the society. As on one hand society adores and idolizes the success it doesn't falter in harassing the one who hasn't been successful in his endeavors. This is the chief reason we don't come across many people who have attained extra ordinary success in their life.

One of the examples that stands out was Copernicus who dared to put forward his idea of heliocentric theory at the time when it was a established faith in the geocentric theory. He was castigated as being iconoclastic. He wasn't deterred by such allegation and proved himself true. If he hadn't gone against the accepted thinking he would have been just another common man who came to earth, lived his mundane life and died a insignificant death.

The example from the modern time would be that of Sabers Bateau, the founder of Hotmail. He risked giving up his job to venture into an idea which hadn't been tried earlier, A free e -mail service. He brought out the new concept to the world on American independence day in 1996. Today it is the way the world communicates and has brought the internet to the common man. This venture did make him a millionaire and brought him glory and name that shall never fade away from the pages of human history.

Those who want the attain the pinnacle of success have to dare to challenge the establish faith else success will remain an adored.

84. In any field of endeavor, it is impossible to make a significant contribution without first being strongly influenced by past achievements within that field.

As the great scientist Newton said? We make progress on the shoulder of our formers. ?In this sense, I agree with the assertion that in any field of endeavor, it is impossible to make a significant contribution without first being strongly influenced by past achievements within that field.

First of all, without learning the great achievements of the formers in a certain field, we simply cannot grasp the fundamental knowledge and technology of that field. Without such fundamental knowledge and technology, how can we carry out any research in that field and ultimately resulting in significant contribution? The higher a tower is, the deeper its basis is. No skyscraper towers in the air.

In addition, not only can we master the primary ken of the realm where we exert our effort by studying the past great works in that field, but we can also find out the key issues that existed in this field unsolved by the past achievements and merit more endeavor. For example, Einstein relative theory was based on Newton classic mechanics theory, and further perfected it. And to observe the micro world more clearly, scientists designed electronic microscope to offset the shortcoming of optical microscope.

Moreover, being strongly influenced by past achievements does not mean indulging one mind and ideas in the past world and lacking the innovation. After assimilating the elite of the past achievements, people may endow them with innovative application. For instance, after grasping the principle of base complement, scientists put this theory into practice and establish the PCR technology, which are widely implemented in the research of life science. Then by further understanding the PCR technology, they put forward the RAPD, RT-PCR, DNA fingerprint technology. All these technologies are the innovation based on the strong influence of the past achievement.

As I mentioned above, it is impossible in any field of endeavor to make a significant contribution without first being strongly influenced by past achievements within that field. Admittedly, if people are too superstitious about the past achievement they won make significant achievement in certain field. As long as we take a positive and reasonable attitude toward the degree of the influence the past achievements exert on us, we are sure to make great contributions to the fields where we make endeavor.

188. "Success, whether academic or professional, involves an ability to survive in a new environment and--, eventually, --to change it. "

1. The speaker claims that success involves an ability to survive in a new environment and to change it. Different people have their own definition of success due to their respect angles and backgrounds. As I am concerned, I agree with the speaker's propositions that the key to be success is the ability to survive in a new environment and change it. In the following analysis, I would provide evidence to support my point of view.

On the one hand, in academic realm, a solid foundation of knowledge and skill are necessary, however, any breakthrough requires more than the master of the known facts and skills, innovation demands creativity and imagination too, which definitely not the accumulation of the old doctrine. To see it more clearly, let us see a example: Polish astronomer Copernicus, famous for his proposition that earth and other planets revolve around the sun. It is the interest and enthusiasm that drive him to come into being such great theory, as we know, Copernicus was working on this theory for 30 years. Tough his theory was not published because of the threat of church, he changed the cosmic image and idea in everyone's mind after his death. Therefore, to success in academic and science area, it is important to not being restrained by the long time conventions and known so-called facts.

On the other hand, in many professional realms, creative thinking is required. For instance, in field of business, which is full of competitions, the managers will always have to be adapted to the new environment and trend. They should be also creative, thus make them always take the lead and be attractive and fresh to customers, hence to be favored by customer -their god. Those who do not change when the time or environment changes, will be fallen behind or even washed out from the stage of history, just like the creature ' world every creature has to be adapted to the changes of nature in order to survive.

Admittedly, some successes can not change the environment of society. Such progresses and successes are not far to seek, such as getting a master's degree, matriculated by a renowned university, clinching a promising contract, all of which demonstrate one's success, hard work, creativity, but hardly change the whole environment. After all, they are the results of the ability to survive in new environment.

To sum up, from the reasons and analysis mentioned above, we can safely arrive at the conclusion that in the more and more competitive times, everyone of us has to be equipped with the ability to survive in new environments and to change it eventually.

2. It is the ambition of every person to achieve success in his field. However, the important question is what is the factor that determines success? Is it just the ability to survive in the new environment or is it essential that the person change his environment as well? I herald the opinion that success comes to those who change themselves according to their environment with or with out changing it.

The success in academic field definitely comes from the ability to adjust to new environment. The environment at each step of the educational process changes considerably. As the students go from primary to secondary schools, then to college and ultimately to the university they are required to make a lot of adjustments. The study material changes substantially and so does the method of teaching. When they are young, teachers dictate them every thing and they are told to memorize the facts. Later on they learn to think critically and to study on their own. Only those students successfully survive through all these changes who are capable of adjusting quickly.

In professional field again it is essential that people adapt to the changing environment quickly. Whether a person is a doctor, a lawyer or banker, if he wants to succeed, he should be aware of all the latest developments taking place in his respective field. After all, laws are frequently amended and new laws are passed. Banking techniques often change according to the demand of clients. New medicines are developed and different ways are explored to treat a disease in the best possible way. Only those people succeed who remain abreast with the changes taking place in their field and then successfully utilize this knowledge for the benefit of their customers. If they don do so they will be left behind from their contemporaries. For example, no one will come to a surgeon who is still using the obsolete method of operation while patients tend to flock towards the doctor who is using latest equipment. This holds true for other professionals as well. Thus, the success in all the realms depends on how quickly a person changes himself according to the changing environment.

However, to succeed it is not essential that a person is able to change his environment as well. While ability to transform the environment may be essential in the field of research, but this is not essential or even required in all the fields. What will happen if students attempt to change the environment of their school? Not only the principal will reprimand and punish them but also the discipline of the school will be badly affected. In the same manner a professional may be successful even if he does not change his environment. A lawyer may not play a significant role in changing the current practices of Law but if satisfies the needs of his client, he will be considered successful. In the same manner a doctor who makes a new discovery will be appreciated and lauded but so will be the other doctor who performs operations successfully on his patients.

In sum, in the rapidly changing environment of various professions as well as academic disciplines, only those succeed who rapidly adjust to the changes. Ability to change the environment may help a person to succeed but is not essential to consider a person successful.

227. To remain vigorous, any academic field needs to be led by truly independent thinkers who are willing to ignore established boundaries and challenge long-standing assumptions.

Admittedly, as a leader of an academic field, independent thinking is an indispensable characteristic. With retrospections of the history, we can find many examples that demonstrated it. Einstein who established the relative theory, Darwin who pointed out the evolution idea, and Galileo who concluded the theory of falling body, are all independent thinker. They propelled the development of the responsive academic fields and infuse the vigor to the realms where they studied. Then when it comes to the definition of truly independent thinkers? I simply cannot agree with such notion that truly independent thinkers are people who are willing to ignore established boundaries and challenge long-standing assumptions.

Firstly, independent thinking does not equate to willing to ignoring established boundaries. As independent thinkers, they often study the existed works of the former in their study fields. After assimilating the elite of the works, they will expand the usage of the theory or ideas in some new practices. By doing so, they prolong the boundaries of the established theory, not ignore. For instance, in the development of mathematics, many theories are established on the basis of the formers. Scientists put recombining theory into practice from plant to animal, resulting in the cloning technology.

Secondly, it is true that independent thinkers will challenge long-standing assumptions, but the initial purpose is not to challenge the assumptions, but to discover the truth of the unknown world. During the process of probe the frontier inquire field, they establish some new theory which is on the contrary of the established ones. To prove Aristotle theory of geocentric, Copernicus conducted a series of observation, concluded that the earth is rotated with the sun, and established the theory of heliocentric which is a great challenge to the long-standing assumption. Let us see, were Copernicus initially going to challenge Aristotle뭩 theory? The answer is not positive.

In sum up, in my opinion, any academic field needs truly independent thinkers but truly independent thinker are people who expand the formers theories into new practices and establish new theories for the purpose of explore the truth of the mysterious unknown world rather than people who are willing to ignore established boundaries and challenge long-standing assumptions.

238. Conformity almost always leads to a deadening of individual creativity and energy.

In first glance it looks true, but the definition of conformity does change. There are many situations where conformity is most desirable thing and same time it has some side effects too. It depends in which context we are applying it.

There are some professions where the conformity is only key to success and does not effect the creativity. E. g. doctors and teachers. If I have to get my knee surgery done I will prefer a doctor who has done maximum number of knee operations rather than one who claims to do all operation. I do not think, doing same knee operation again and again, any doctor looses his creativity and energy. It applies to teachers too.

Ironically this does not happens in some case, let us see how the conformity works in an industrial environment. After World War II, the conformity base started getting widened by virtue of high productivity demand. In a shoe factory earlier one shoemaker used to make whole pair of shoe, say from cutting of leather to final polishing and packaging. Each shoe used to be a different design. Lot of skill was required but same time one man one shoe per day was the production rate. After the conformity concept has plugged in, the shoe industry working style has changed. Now instead one person making one full pair of shoes, whole shoe making job has been broken in small jobs and every one has been told to do one defined operation in defined way and pass it to the next work bench for next operation. Since the job was predefined, skill requirement was bare minimum, no room for creativity is left, but the production has increased 10 folds.

Industrial survey also tells that people get bored by doing same job again and again, there interest and energy level also comes down due to repetition of job. Survey also shows that worker doing repetitive job is more porn to commit mistakes and even meet accidents than one does variety of jobs. To avoid this, industry has devised tool like Job rotations and training to re-charge the energy level of their employees. Even it has been seen that high profile executives are advised to go on long vacation to re-charge themselves.
In conclusion, conformity has it own importance, but the cost one has to pay is reduction in creativity and energy level. There are only few areas where it is desirable and has no setbacks. Hence we have to look that, which context it is used.

<오랫만에 가까운 분들과 분당 레이크사이드CC서코스에서 라운딩 하였습니다. 드라이브샷이 잘 맞아 기분좋은 하루였습니다. 좌로부터 김상복사장, 이원모원장, 유한수회장, 홍호선장군>

<경영칼럼>

[이상적인 인간상]

이원모원장/ KMI지식경영원

우리는 항상 어려울때, 처신하기가 곤란할 때 이상적인 인간상을 생각하곤 한다.

교과서에 나오는 표준인간이란 이럴때 어떻게 처신해야 하는지 고민을 할 때가 한두번이 아닐께다. 때때로 우리는 점심식사를 하기위해서도 한참 고민을 하여야 하는 경우도 있다. 누구와 함께 하여야 할 지, 무엇을 먹어야 할 지 등등 하찮아 보이는 것까지도 모두 우리의 판단과 생각의 훈련을 요구한다.

그래서 우리는 평소에 다음과 같은 훈련을 하여야 한다.

첫째 건전한 心身이다. 우리가 사회생활을 영위하는데 있어서 가장 중요한 요소이다. 비즈니스의 중요한 협상에서도 가장중요한 것은 협상기법이 아니라 그날 협상에 임하는 사람의 컨디션이다. 아무리 준비가 완벽하다 하여도 몸의 협상자 몸의 컨디션이 나빠 상대가 까다로운 조건과 문제도 안되는 조건으로 몰아부치면 무너지게 마련이다. 그래서 비즈니스도 체력이란 말이 나오기도 한다.

실제 고3수험생들의 경우를 보더라도 마지막에 승부는 체력이라는 말이 증명되고 있다.

매사에 건강이 최고의 선행조건이라는 믿음을 가지고 평소 체력관리에 배려를 하여야 한다. 인간이 사회생활을 하는 동안에 최소한 자기체질에 맞는 운동 3가지는 꼭 익혀두라고 권하고 싶다. 테니스, 등산, 자전거타기, 배드민턴, 수영, 탁구, 스쿼시, 골프 등등 자기에게 맞는 운동을 몇가지 택하여 꾸준히 하여야 한다. 나는 테니스와 골프 그리고 등산을 즐긴다.

특히 등산은 야간산행을 매월 하는 편인데 평소에 느껴보지 못한 태고적의 인간본능의 한면도 느끼게 하기도 한다. 살아가면서 한번씩은 우주만물의 역사도 음미해 볼만 도 하다.

이런것 모두가 심신의 건강에 종합적으로 보탬이 되는 것이다.

우리 인간이 능력을 최고로 발휘할 때가 바로 최상의 심신의 컨디션일 때이다. 정신건강을 위한 조언을 바란다면 독서를 권하고 싶다. 우리가 초조할때, 문제가 잘 풀리지 않아서 고민이 되어 불면의 시간을 보낼때, 잠자리에서 삼국지나 열국지같은 역사소설을 보노라면 한결 마음이 부드러워지고 맑아지는 경우가 있는 것처럼 독서는 정신건강에 커다란 묘약이 되고 있다. 그리고 주변의 좋은 사람과 교유를 하라고 권하고 싶다. 한사람의 자질을 평가할 때 그사람이 누구와 주로 함께 하는가를 보면 그사람의 성향을 알 수 있듯이 심신이 건강한 사람은 거러한 부류의 사람들과 어울리게 되는 것이다. 그리서 직업과 관련된 사람, 운동과 관련되 동호인모임 등에서도 주변의 사람들에게 도움이 되도록 배려를 하여야 할 것이다.

둘째, 경제적 自立能力이다. 사회생활에서 경제적 자립능력이란 스스로 남에게 도움이 될만한 능력이란 것이다. 기능적으로 보더라도 가령 영어를 잘하여 번역을 한다던가 좋은 물건을 값싸게 만드는 사람이던가 하는 사회에서 필요한 사람이 되는 능력인 것이다. 여러분 각자가 모두 자기가 가지고 있는 능력이 다를 것이다. 남다른 자기만의 능력을 꾸준히 가꾸어 나아 가야만 사회에서 도태되지 않는다. 기업도 하나의 법인체로 생명과 같은 볍인격을 갖추고 있어서 성장과 유지발전에 있어서 사람과 같은 역할이 있어야 파산하지 않고 유지되는 것이다. 현재 아무리 잘나가는 기업이라고 하더라도 5년후 10년후에 존속할 수가 있는지는 아무도 모르는 일이다. 미래에 대한 예측과 투자를 게을리 하면 기업도 무엇으로 이익을 남기겠는가. 개개인의 사람과도 같은 원리이다. 경제적 능력이 없으면 기업도 파산하고 직원들도 흩어지듯이 개개인의 삶도 건전한 가정을 지키기 위해서라도 자기의 경제적 자립능력을 꾸준히 가꾸어 사회에 도움이 되도록 기여하는 구석이 있어야 한다.

셋째,判端力이다. 우리의 현재가치는 과거 우리가 판단한 실적의 결과에 대한 평가이다.학생시절 공부를 잘한 학생만이 사회에서 크게 성공하란 법은 없다. 오히려 요즈음 크게 성공한 사람들은 학창시절에 공부는 등한시 한 사람이 크게 성공한 경우가 더 많다. 사람은 한번 성공하면 게을러 지게 되고 과거에 능력을 키우지 못한 사람이 뒤늦게 분발하여 도약하는 인생역전의 일화가 무수히 많다. 중요한 것은 평소에 총명한 지성과 판단력을 키우는 능력인 것이다. 총명한 지성은 안목을 넓혀주고 이러한 안목이 뒷밭침되어야 정확한 판단으로 연결된다. 우리의 인생은 가시밭길 속의 선택의 연속인 것이다. 잘못된 선택으로 수많은 시간을 낭비하는 경우도 흔한 일이다. 중요한 것은 지름길을 찾아내는 판단과 안목이지만 누구나 쉽게 찾아내는 것은 아니기 때문에 끊임없는 자기연마의 길을 걸아야 할 따름이다.

넷째,集中力이다. 가장 효율적으로 일하는 방법중의 하나가 현재하고 있는 일에 집중할 수 있는 방식이다. 세상에서 가장 중요한 시기가 현재 지금 이 순간이라 생각하고 살아야 한다는 것이다. 통일교 문선명목사의 장점중의 하나가 오늘에 최선을 다하며 살아 간다는 생활방식이다. 낙수물이 바위를 뚫듯이 매사에 정신을 집중하여 살아가는 방식을 모든 잡념을 없애고 문제해결의 길을 터주기도 한다. 따라서 현재가 충실하면 과거와 현재 미래가 자연히 균형점을 잡아주게 된다. 현재의 일중에 미래를 등한시 하라는 뜻은 결코 아니다. 오히려 현재를 충실하게 살아가기 위해서는 치밀한 미래의 계획을 틈틈히 현재에 하라는 뜻이며 여기에 소명의식을 가지고 하라는 뜻이기도 하다. 즉 자기가 진실로 좋아하고 남에게 도움이 되는 일이 되어야 한다는 것이다.

다섯째, 決斷과 勇氣이다. 사람은 서 있으면 앉고 싶고 앉아 있으면 눞고 싶고 누워 있으면 자고싶은 성향이 있다. 어느시점에 이르면 결단을 잘 하여야 한다. 정치가들도 자기의 진퇴를 잘못하여 패가망신하는 예를 종종본다. 기업경영을 하는 사람이면 기업의 사정과 환경변화에 따라 임직원들에게 과감한 변화를 요구하고 혁신을 단행해야 할 때가 종종있다. 이러한 시기를 놓치면 그 기업의 설 자리를 놓치는 경우가 생겨난다. 이러한 변화를 잘 판단하고 뼈를 깍는 아픔을 두려워하여 결단을 하지 못하는 사람의 경영자의 볌주에서 밧어난 사람이다. 그래서 누구나 기업경영자가 될 수 있는 것은 아니다. 대를 위하여 소를 과감히 희생하여야 하고 또 그러한 희생을 감내 하여야 만 미래가 있는 것이다. 개인도 마찬가지이다. 오늘 편하게 살면 매일은 벅차게 뛰어야 한다는 사실을 명심하여야 한다. 내일 편하게 살기위하여 오늘도 꾸준히 걸어 나아가야 한다는 뜻이다.